Activated Alumina
Activated Alumina (chemical formula Al2O3) is a porous, high-surface-area adsorption material made from aluminum hydroxide or aluminum salts activated by high-temperature calcination. Due to its excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high adsorption capacity, thermal stability and renewability, it is widely used in gas and liquid drying, catalysis, water treatment and environmental protection. Compared with traditional desiccants such as silica gel and molecular sieves, activated alumina is more stable in high temperature, high humidity and corrosive environments, and is one of the key materials in industrial adsorption and catalysis processes.
Gas drying:
Deep dehydration of industrial gases such as compressed air, natural gas, and hydrogen (dew point can be reduced to below -70ºC).
Drying of refrigerants such as Freon in refrigeration systems to prevent "ice blockage".
Liquid drying:
Dehydration and deacidification of organic solvents (ethanol, benzene) and oil products (lubricating oil, transformer oil).
Environmental protection and purification
Water treatment: Adsorption of harmful ions such as fluoride, arsenic, and lead in wastewater (especially in drinking water purification).
Waste gas treatment: Removal of pollutants such as SO2, H2S, and VOCs.
Catalysts and carriers
As catalyst carriers, used in petrochemicals (such as hydrogenation and desulfurization reactions) and automobile exhaust purification (loading precious metals).
Special uses
Laboratory: Desiccant in drying towers and moisture-proof cabinets.
Medical: Gas drying of medical oxygen or ventilators
| Property |
Parameter Range/Value |
Remarks |
| Chemical Composition |
Al2O3 ≥ 92-95% |
Impurities include Na2O, SiO2, etc. |
| Crystal Structure |
Primarily γ-Al2O3 |
May contain trace α-Al2O3 |
| Surface Area (BET) |
200-400 m²/g |
Measured by BET method |
| Pore Volume |
0.3-0.6 cm³/g |
Mainly mesopores (2-10 nm) |
| Average Pore Size |
3-8 nm |
Adjustable |
| Bulk Density |
0.6-0.9 g/cm³ |
Depends on particle form |
| Crush Strength |
≥50 N/bead (3-5 mm spheres) |
Industrial-grade requirement |
| Water Adsorption Capacity |
15-20% (25°C, 60% RH) |
Humidity-dependent |
| Regeneration Temperature |
200-350°C |
Under inert gas or vacuum |
| Temperature Resistance |
Short-term: 600°C, Long-term: ≤400°C |
High temps may convert to α-Al2O3 |
| pH Stability |
Stable at pH 4-10 |
Dissolves in strong acids/alkalis |
| Dew Point After Adsorption |
≤-70°C (deep drying) |
For compressed air, etc. |
| Attrition Rate |
≤0.5% (spherical particles) |
Affects service life |
Activated alumina has a highly porous structure (specific surface area 200-400 m²/g) and abundant surface hydroxyl groups (-OH), which can capture water molecules in gas or liquid by physical adsorption. Its polar surface forms hydrogen bonds with H2O to achieve deep drying (dew point ≤-70ºC). When regenerated at high temperature (200-350ºC), the adsorbed water molecules are desorbed and the drying capacity is restored.
Activated alumina selectively adsorbs polar molecules (such as SO2, VOCs) through its mesoporous structure (2-10 nm) and surface charge. The Lewis acid sites (Al³+) in its γ-Al2O3 lattice can chemically adsorb compounds containing lone pair electrons (such as sulfides), while physical pores intercept molecules.
Regeneration of activated alumina relies on thermal desorption: when heated to 200-350°C, the kinetic energy of adsorbed water or pollutant molecules increases and they detach from the surface. Chemical adsorbates (such as F-) require acid/base cleaning (such as NaOH solution) to restore activity. After regeneration, the performance decreases by ≤20%.
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